Editing v0.31:Dam

{{quality|Masterwork|00:23, 9 October 2010 (UTC)}}{{av}}

[[Image:dam.jpg|right]]

A dam can be built across a [[river]] or [[brook]].  This has several uses: 

*Stop a river from flowing altogether
*Modify a river's path
*Create a pretty lake or functional reservoir
*Create water-based traps

A river will not "overflow" its banks above its starting level because of a dam.  (Note - if a waterfall is upstream, the ''upper level'' is the "starting level"!)


==Dam Building==

Finding the direction the water flows is probably a necessary step to take. This is actually fairly simple - at one end, the river falls off the map, and so is of a low water height. Check the outmost tiles of both ends of the river.

===Ice Method===
The easiest and quickest method of Dam manufacture is only possible if your map freezes during winter. Simply dig out a thin section of [[channel]]s across the river and build a wall out of floodgates, blocking the path of the water. 

===Draining Method===

Another way is to drain the river. This can be done by building a tunnel next to the river that dumps into a chasm or deep valley.  The dumping tunnel should only be one square wide, with a single floodgate to control it, as long as where the water first enters it has a fairly large number of squares of "Open Space" to move into.  The water over Open Space will rapidly force its way down, forcing the rest to flow at warp speed.  Be sure the floodgate is operational, as this sort of flow imposes terrible game lag while active.  The more edge tiles drained from, the faster the level will go down enough to allow construction.

An alternative method to this is to use a large number of pumps to move more water out of the river than can be replaced by the water flow. For a river with a width of 4 tiles, you will need <s> three on either side </s> four pumps spanning the river pumping it into channels or tunnels, ideally off the map, a waterfall, or somewhere where flooding will not be a concern.  While the pumps are operating, it will be drained enough to build the dam. A little more mechanic intensive method is using nine pumps, four to pump where your floodgates will go, four to pump out places for your workers to stand up/downstream, and one to keep a ramp clear to retrieve the dwarves.  This method has the advantage on not needing channels/tunnels saving that layer for future construction.

If your dwarves are persistent enough you can also dig out a large chamber under the river at Z-1, channel out holes on both sides at Z0, and cover these holes with walled-in bridges. When you raise the bridges the water drops down; when you lower them it starts flowing again. This avoids the 'infinite hole' bug that can result if you uses collapses to punch holes in the bottom of brooks.

One other possible method of disposing of that water is channeling it to an [[aquifer]] lower than the river, it will absorb the pressurized water. The best part of this method is that the [[aquifer]] will likely be almost directly under the river, minimizing the needed construction.

You can also smooth and carve fortifications into the very last tile on a z level below surface (if that last tile is rock, and not soil) and water will flow through the fortifications and off the edge of the map.

[[Image:DammingEfforts.png|left|thumb|200px|An example of how to construct a magma dam.]]

===Magma Method===

If you have access to a [[magma]] source, you can pump magma into the flowing water. When the magma and water collide, the result is a tile of [[obsidian]]- an added bonus if you're in the market for making obsidian items. Pump enough magma into the river to reach both banks for a stretch at least 3-4 tiles wide in order to give your dwarves enough space to channel out the obsidian and place [[floodgate]]s.<br /> 
'''Beware:''' Pumping magma too close to the edge of the map could result in permanently damming your river! Obsidian tiles created on the edge of the map cannot be mined out!

If you wish to move magma over a brook without damming it, constructed floors over the brook tiles work.

===Natural [[Cave-in]] ===
If your river is '''[[River#Underground Rivers|underground]]''', you can use [[channel]]ing to collapse a section of rock into it. If this rock was [[construction|construct]]ed (i.e., you built it as walls or floors), it will revert to its component stones and sink to the bottom, not blocking the river at all. However, if the rock is '''natural''', it will retain its shape and block the flow of water.

Since above-ground rivers normally do not pass beneath natural rock, this strategy is difficult to apply to them. But dwarven ingenuity should never be underestimated.

==Your Dam==

===The Dam===
[[Image:Dam2.JPG|left]]
After your dam has been completed and looks something like the image, you can expect water to just stop flowing UNLESS there is a waterfall. If that is the case, the water will just flow around it after flooding a fair amount of space around it. If you messed up while making a magma dam and permanently obstructed the edge of the map, you can expect the entire world to flood up to the point where water enters.

===Actually Building===
Once the river has been drained (which can take a VERY long time), you may have to dig into the riverbed by ordering a channel to be dug in the open space tile above the tile you want to build on. The result of this, however, is that the tile is no longer considered a brook/river and it behaves like any other storage of water. It no longer colored a pretty light-blue and nothing (including dwarves, caravans, goblins, etc) can walk on top of it. This can be very annoying, so be prepared.

However if your dwarves have access to the river bed they can 'mine' the bed out leaving the pretty blue surface (or dull grey surface when there is no water). you should leave some form of access to the <s>bed</s> channel at the farthest downstream point to let wanderers out of the bed if you decide to open your dam

===Further Possibilities===
*Most of the above techniques can be used to puncture oceans and lakes, for dikes or random under-water bunkers.
*You can create a massive flood if you build a dam out of floodgates and open them all at once. Good for traps. Works with magma.
*Being in control of your local river/brook makes you more of a <s>man</s> dwarf.

{{Water FAQ}}
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