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− | {{Quality| | + | {{Quality|Exceptional|22:13, 16 November 2019 (UTC)}} |
{{av}} | {{av}} | ||
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− | + | '''Immigration''' can occur at any time, once per [[season]]. Smaller migrant waves of 2-10 arrive in the early seasons, followed by a large wave in the low double digits in the second spring, one year after embark (the maximum wave size reported to date is [http://www.reddit.com/r/dwarffortress/comments/q580c/hole_shit 77] <sup>[https://archive.is/Wbp37/a5dc158a51bc238bc9441f06c10a3540eac8124c.png archive]</sup>). Each group of migrants will often include such things as [[child]]ren and domestic animals, including both pets and stray livestock. Be prepared with adequate [[food]], [[alcohol|drink]], and [[bed]]s, among other things. | |
− | + | Migrants will often have skills that match your fortress' needs — migrants with skills your fortress uses a lot or skills that your fortress doesn't have at all are more likely to show up at your gates. Important skills (mining, food production, and basic crafting, according to Toady) are weighed more heavily than other skills.<sup>[http://www.bay12games.com/media/df_talk_12_transcript.html Source] {{dot}} [http://www.bay12games.com/media/Dwarf_Fortress_Talk_12.mp3 MP3]</sup> | |
− | + | Migration waves are generally a good thing — if you're prepared for them. | |
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− | + | == Labor preferences == | |
− | Some immigrants are [[historical figure]]s. These immigrants come to your fortress with skills representing their history, | + | Each migrant can arrive with a wide collection of often unrelated skills, far greater than possible with one of the [[starting build|starting 7 dwarves]], and [[experience]] levels as high as Legendary. |
+ | Any and all skills might be represented, including obscure military skills (like [[blowgunner]]), high levels of one or more [[social skill]]s, [[crutch walker]], [[concentration]] and others. It's even possible to have dwarves with skills that may not be obtainable in fortress mode like [[tracker|tracking]]. | ||
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+ | Migrants may also arrive with equipment matching their skills. For example, a miner migrant may bring a [[pick]] with them. Migrants may arrive with all labors except [[hauling]], [[cleaning]], recovering wounded, and caring for wounded disabled, depending on the settings one has entered into [[d_init.txt]]. | ||
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+ | == Historical migrants == | ||
+ | |||
+ | Some immigrants are [[historical figure]]s. These immigrants come to your fortress with skills representing their history, and may come to your fortress with wounds they have suffered during [[world generation]]. Immigrants may even be [[vampire]]s or [[werebeast]]s. | ||
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+ | Currently, [[agent]]s (spies) from your own civilization will retain their assumed identities when they migrate to your fortress.{{bug|10490}} This results in immigrants with odd professions like [[peddler]], [[prophet]], and [[poet]] that 'override' their automatically-assigned professions. These immigrants are still loyal to your civilization (at least for now) and should behave normally aside from a few minor bugs (like changing names while on a [[mission]]{{bug|10928}}). | ||
==Limiting/preventing immigration== | ==Limiting/preventing immigration== | ||
− | + | In v0.40.05 and above, the [[d_init.txt]] POPULATION_CAP setting immediately prevents further immigration once the desired number is achieved, bypassing the two hardcoded migrant waves. There is also a STRICT_POPULATION_CAP setting, which prevents both immigration and babies when reached (although both can be violated by a few special cases, such as the arrival of a [[monarch]]). Keep in mind that your population must be at least 80 to get a king and 100 to obtain the current game features. | |
− | The number of migrants depends on the [[wealth|created wealth]] of your fortress and is affected by your dwarves' activities. Note that if your fortress should ever become a mountainhome, you will receive an additional migration wave with the promotion, regardless of your population cap. The number of migrants is affected by how far below the population cap your fortress is. If your fortress is one dwarf short of the cap, you will receive a single migrant (if any). Also note that population cap will not remove dwarves from an existing fortress but will prevent new ones from immigrating or being born. | + | The number of migrants depends on the [[wealth|created wealth]] of your fortress and so is affected by your dwarves' activities. Note that if your fortress should ever become a mountainhome, you will receive an additional migration wave with the promotion, regardless of your population cap. The number of migrants is affected by how far below the population cap your fortress is. If your fortress is one dwarf short of the cap, you will receive a single migrant (if any). Also note that population cap will not remove dwarves from an existing fortress but will prevent new ones from immigrating or being born. |
− | It is worth noting that you need a certain minimum population size before any of your dwarves will experience [[strange mood]]s. | + | It is worth noting that you need a certain minimum population size before any of your dwarves will experience [[strange mood]]s. Additionally, POPULATION_CAP affects only migration, it has no effect on pregnancies. You will need to alter STRICT_POPULATION_CAP in order to limit births. |
− | To reiterate, the population cap is a (mostly) hard limit on the number of dwarves in your fortress. If you want a fortress with 50 dwarves, simply set the | + | To reiterate, the population cap is a (mostly) hard limit on the number of dwarves in your fortress. If you want a fortress with 50 dwarves, simply set the POPULATION_CAP and STRICT_POPULATION_CAP to 50. |
==Immigration mechanics== | ==Immigration mechanics== | ||
− | The date on which immigrants appear in a season | + | The date on which immigrants appear in a season seems to be fixed at the start of that season, but the number of immigrants and their skills are determined when the migrant wave arrives. |
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− | + | There is never a migration in the first winter - literally not even a {{DFtext|The fortress attracted no migrants this season|6:0:0}} message. | |
− | + | Migrant skill levels seem to depend on the size of the home civilization; a difference will be noticed if you picked a dwarven civilization that was not well established (few towns or none) compared to a well established one. | |
− | + | ==Migrant wave sizes== | |
+ | The first two migrant waves have a minimum size of 1, if a wave member has a relative in your group already, and a maximum size of 10. The size of these waves are unaffected by fortress wealth, danger, or even the extinction of their home civilization. Note that there may be various reasons for a hardcoded migrant wave to not show up, like if it was blocked by a siege or if is not the first fort in the world.{{Cite talk/this}} | ||
− | + | The third migrant wave and on are influenced by the [[wealth|created wealth]] of the fortress, with more wealth attracting more immigrants (more research is needed to determine specifics). Specifically, they're influenced by the fortress wealth as reported by the last outgoing dwarven [[caravan]]. Wealth created after the caravan leaves has no influence until the next year's caravan leaves. If the caravan fails to make it out then the fortress' wealth is not reported. If the dwarven [[liason]] makes it out, but the caravan doesn't, the liaison does not report on fortress wealth. | |
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− | Imported wealth, caravan sales figures, absolute caravan profit and caravan profit margin either have no effect on migration numbers, or only have an effect by applying a percent modification to the numbers driven by created wealth. If a fortress manages to [[trading|trade]] (not offer) away 100% of its created wealth, then no immigrants will come the next season. More research is needed to determine if the statistics have any influence on migration numbers. | + | Imported wealth, caravan sales figures, absolute caravan profit and caravan profit margin either have no effect on migration numbers, or only have an effect by applying a percent modification to the numbers driven by created wealth. If a fortress manages to [[trading|trade]] (not offer) away 100% of its created wealth, then no immigrants will come the next season. More research is needed to determine if the aforementioned statistics have any influence on migration numbers. |
One factor which is known to affect migrant wave size is the total size of your fortress's {{k|u}}nits list (all 4 categories), which consists of dwarves, invaders, merchants, and animals which either died or currently live at your fortress. As this number increases, the maximum size of migrant waves will be reduced: starting at a local population of 1000, migrant wave sizes are limited to 10, and at subsequent levels of 1300, 1600, 1800, 2000, 2200, 2400, 2600, 2800, and 2900, the limit is decreased by 1, and once you reach a local population of 3000 you will cease to get migrants at all. | One factor which is known to affect migrant wave size is the total size of your fortress's {{k|u}}nits list (all 4 categories), which consists of dwarves, invaders, merchants, and animals which either died or currently live at your fortress. As this number increases, the maximum size of migrant waves will be reduced: starting at a local population of 1000, migrant wave sizes are limited to 10, and at subsequent levels of 1300, 1600, 1800, 2000, 2200, 2400, 2600, 2800, and 2900, the limit is decreased by 1, and once you reach a local population of 3000 you will cease to get migrants at all. | ||
− | + | Kurik Amudnil created a DFHack script to prevent the latter from happening, by clearing (and storing, so that it can be restored as wanted) the dead units list of uninteresting creatures. It is available [http://www.bay12forums.com/smf/index.php?topic=91166.msg4336893#msg4336893 here] and is also included in the [[Utility:Lazy_Newb_Pack|Lazy Newb Pack]]. | |
− | + | ==Adventure mode== | |
+ | In certain locations in [[adventure mode]], you may come across a '''Migrating Group'''. One such location is near a recently [[abandon|abandoned]] [[fortress]]; choosing to travel to the group will allow you to talk to the members of your former fortress as they travel back to dwarven civilization. | ||
==Fortress Failure Migration== | ==Fortress Failure Migration== | ||
− | If a fortress is abandoned during [[unhappy]], [[insanity|stark raving mad]] times | + | If a fortress is abandoned during [[unhappy]], [[insanity|stark raving mad]] times the citizens can migrate to your new fortress still stark raving mad (berserk possibly, further looking into required). Likewise, if your fortress happened to have any [[Husk|husks]] when it was abandoned, some of them may migrate to your new fortress. |
==Deterring migrants== | ==Deterring migrants== | ||
− | A different message for migrant arrivals will be triggered depending on your fortress' dangerousness | + | A different message for migrant arrivals will be triggered depending on your fortress' dangerousness. That number isn't actually a death count, but some sort of composite "fear" value determined by adding up a bunch of sources and dividing them by various amounts. It is not sure exactly what those sources are, but at least one of them is a death count. 0-9 is normal, 10+ is "danger" or "dangerous", and 50+ is "cursed death trap" or "tomb". |
− | + | ==Bugs== | |
− | + | Also, some migrants will be incorrectly listed as babies or children, when they are not in the expected age range for those categories. This will automatically fix itself when they have their next birthday. Some baby migrants may have future birth dates. {{Bug|3945}} | |
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− | |} | ||
− | + | If your fortress does not have a meeting hall, you might have a situation where a single migrant can't find the fort and just stands at the edge of the map, not moving at all. You may notice that, even if more migrants are part of the wave, they cannot enter the map (and do not show up on the units screen) until this migrant moves out of the square, as all migrants in a single wave must enter the map through this square. | |
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==The Migrant Tier List== | ==The Migrant Tier List== | ||
{{D for Dwarf}} | {{D for Dwarf}} | ||
− | + | Whenever a migration wave arrives, most players will stop what they are doing to check the migrants' jobs, and determine the migrants' viability in the process. Here, the migrants are sorted into tiers, roughly ordered by usefulness. Do note that even F-tier migrants can be useful if a player decides to make them so, and of course any migrant can be useful as a [[haul]]er or [[soldier]]. | |
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− | Here, migrants are sorted into tiers, ordered by usefulness | ||
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− | + | ===Valued Migrants (S)=== | |
+ | These migrants can improve a fort simply by showing up. Also known as "can I give them a [[mood]] please?". | ||
− | *[[ | + | *[[Weaponsmith]]s: Because who doesn't carry a [[war hammer|big stick]] these days? If you have an excess of [[weapon]]s you can also use weaponsmiths to make extremely high-value [[trap components]]. |
− | *[[ | + | *[[Armorsmith]]s: As useful if not even more useful than weaponsmiths. |
− | *[[ | + | *[[Soldier]]s: Who doesn't need extra <s>meat shields</s> dwarfpower? If you don't have any soldiers yet, you can form your militia, and if your militia is already well-developed they can act as reservists, in case something [[Fun]] happens to the militia. |
− | + | *[[Miner]]s: Always helpful, and a high mining skill can be useful in combat. | |
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− | *[[ | + | *[[Grower]]s: Always useful to improve farm efficiency exponentially. Note that a few skilled Growers are probably better than a dozen unskilled ones. |
− | *[[ | + | *[[Cook]]s: Will quickly boost your fortress's value and dwarves just adore fine meals. |
− | *[[ | + | *[[Brewer]]s: Should be obvious. Alcohol doesn't have a quality level, however, but an increase in production speed is never unwelcome. |
− | *[[ | + | *[[Engraver]]s: A good engraver can [[smooth]] and detail a large [[room]] in ''minutes'', shooting its [[Room#Quality|quality]] sky-high, while a novice might take hours. Novice engravers also take quite a while to train. |
− | + | ===Good Migrants (A)=== | |
+ | Put these dwarves to work, they have much to contribute. Also known as "stalwarts of the fort". | ||
− | *[[ | + | *[[Blacksmith]]s: These dwarves make [[metal]] (not just [[iron]]) [[furniture]] and other large products, including valuable metal [[statue]]s. |
− | *[[ | + | *[[Carpenter]]s: Like Blacksmiths, but they use [[wood]] instead of metal. They're especially useful for making high-value [[bed]]s and wooden [[trap components]]. |
− | *[[ | + | *[[Stonecrafter]]s and [[Mason]]s: It's always useful to make [[finished goods]] and [[furniture]], respectively, out of [[stone]] if [[metal]] or [[wood]] is economic. |
− | *[[ | + | *[[Metalcrafter]]s: Do you want to fill the next caravan with *[[silver]] mugs* and other metal [[finished goods]]? Now you can! |
− | *[[ | + | *[[Glassmaker]]s, [[Potter]]s, and [[Glazer]]s: Glassmakers can produce many products, including [[crafts]] and [[furniture]], out of glass, and said products are often worth much more than their stone counterparts. Potters are less versatile but can also make valuable products for a decent enough price, and [[pot]]s supersede [[barrel]]s by weight. Note that Glassmakers require [[sand]], and Potters [[clay]], in large quantities to be truly effective, but these resources are basically infinite on embarks that contain them. Glazers complement Potters and are needed to make said pots airtight and waterproof, and a good glaze job adds a lot of value to a product. |
− | + | *[[Healthcare]] dwarves are always useful, for trying to save that one beloved soldier faster. | |
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− | *[[ | + | *[[Mechanic]]s: High quality [[mechanism]]s can help your machinery run smoother, and they also make great trade goods. |
− | *[[ | + | *[[Leatherworker]]s: [[Leather]] can be used to create certain items that can't be created sensibly with any other material; such items include [[backpack]]s, [[quiver]]s, and lightweight [[shield]]s and [[armor]]. Unless, of course, you're using [[adamantine]]. |
− | * [[ | + | *[[Herbalist]]s: Herbology is a great way to kick-start an above-ground farm, or at least keep your food supply varied. Even dwarves get sick of drinking the same old [[plump helmet|mushroom]] wine. |
− | * [[ | + | *[[Strand extractor]]s: Skilled strand extractors are quick, as unskilled strand extraction is ''agonizingly'' slow. Only useful after [[raw adamantine]] has been discovered and mined, and the strands do not have quality levels. |
− | + | ===Average Migrants (B)=== | |
+ | These migrants can be useful, but generally add less value to the fort than the above categories. Also known as "it ain't much, but it's honest work". | ||
− | *[[Gem cutter]]s and [[Gem setter]]s: They just | + | *[[Gem cutter]]s and [[Gem setter]]s: They just don't produce as much value as you'd expect, unless the gem cutter is of a high enough skill level. Even then, [[gem]]s are only useful for moods, decorations, or as a trade good. Training Gem cutters so they don't waste your rough valuable gems is also extremely tedious. As for Gem setters, [[encrust]]ing is notoriously finicky, since the item to be decorated cannot be specified. So your Gem setter will end up slapping your Masterwork cut [[diamond]]s on a [[barrel]] or something. |
− | *[[ | + | *[[Hunter]]s: They usually come with a good [[Marksdwarf]] skill, but immediately go hunting as soon as they're ready, causing uncontrolled dwarves and possibly [[Fun]]. They can be useful if handled properly, and are definitely entertaining to watch. It may be advantageous to just rely on your [[military]] for hunting game, since [[squad]]s can be controlled more finely than Hunters. |
− | *[[ | + | *[[Fisherdwarf]]s and [[Fish cleaner]]s: Fishing is a decent source of food, and it's a great source of the elusive [[shell]]s if your site contains [[pond turtle]]s, but it runs the risk of [[crocodile]] accidents and [[carp|other perils]]. Or, if you're unlucky, you'll get absolutely nothing. Fisherdwarves can also only catch [[vermin]] fish, [[sperm whale|larger sea creatures]] may require [[drowning chamber]]s or other tactics. |
− | *[[ | + | *[[Furnace operator]]s and [[Miller]]s: Neither of these labors have quality levels, but the increase in production speed can be highly profitable for the [[metal]] and [[flour]] industry, respectively. |
− | *[[ | + | *[[Peasant]]s: Not quite useless, they're more like blank slates. Peasants can be trained in a [[mood]]able skill to control the [[artifact]]s your fortress will produce, and they make good [[haul]]ers or just plain fodder. |
− | + | ===Niche Migrants (C)=== | |
+ | Only useful in very specific cases. Also known as "free military conscripts". | ||
− | *[[ | + | *[[Beekeeper]]s, [[Wax worker]]s, and [[Presser]]s: Beekeeping is [[Beekeeping industry|interesting]], but it isn't possible on embarks that lack [[honey bee]]s ([[bumblebee]]s cannot be<s>e</s> kept). If you do get a beekeeping business going, Wax workers and Pressers become viable as well, since they use the products of beekeeping in their labors; otherwise, they're basically useless. |
− | *[[ | + | *[[Siege engineer]]s and [[Siege operator]]s: Would be useful, but [[siege engine]]s are currently bugged, dealing much less damage than you'd expect, and are often extremely dangerous to your own citizens when they do work as intended. |
− | * [[Butcher]]s, [[ | + | *[[Butcher]]s, [[Gelder]]s, [[Animal trainer]]s, and [[Tanner]]s: While these labors can be pivotal to a fort's usage of animals, you really won't need more than one of these dwarves unless your animal or hunting industry is truly booming. |
− | * [[ | + | *[[Woodcrafter]]s: Shun the elf sympathizers! Not to be confused with [[Carpenter]]s, these dwarves make [[useless crap]] out of [[wood]], which is so worthless as material you might as well not even bother. You're better off using [[stone]] or [[metal]] to make [[finished goods]] instead. |
− | * [[ | + | *[[Bone carver]]s: [[Bone]] is neither valuable (unless the creature was a [[megabeast]] or was [[merperson|exceptionally exotic]]) nor does it fill a particular niche, but it is a rather common alternative to wood. |
− | * [[ | + | *[[Dyer]]s: When was the last time you dyed some cloth? Skilled Dyers do add extra value to dyed cloth, as it does have a quality level, but come on. |
− | * [[ | + | *[[Bowyer]]s: Bowyers can make [[crossbow]]s out of wood and bone. That's all. Weaponsmiths can do everything bowyers can do, except better, because heavier metallic crossbows can be used as good blunt weapons in close quarters. |
− | + | *[[Potash maker]]s, [[Lye maker]]s, [[Soaper]]s, [[Wood burner]]s, [[Pump operator]]s, [[Woodcutter]]s, [[Milker]]s, [[Cheesemaker]]s: The products of these labors do not have quality levels, so the only difference between an unskilled laborer and a highly skilled one is production speed, which is really only critical if said products are the backbone of your industry ([[Stupid dwarf trick|and who specializes in ''soapmaking''?]]). At least you'll have another dwarf to add to your [[soap industry]], but you can easily just activate these labors on some random idlers to little to no ill effect. Note that many of these products cannot be sourced from [[caravan]]s, which makes in-house production a necessity. | |
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− | *[[ | + | *[[Bookbinder]]s, [[Papermaker]]s, [[Weaver]]s, [[Shearer]]s, [[Thresher]]s, and [[Clothier]]s: It's so much easier to just obtain [[codex]]es, [[paper]], [[cloth]], and [[clothes]] from the caravan and migrants instead of producing them yourself, as these industries are often needlessly tedious or require a ton of setup. |
− | + | ===Completely Useless Migrants (F)=== | |
+ | Also known as "can I toss them in the [[volcano]] please?" | ||
− | *[[ | + | *[[Animal dissector]]s and [[Fish dissector]]s: They make animal [[extract]]s, which are some of the most useless items in the game. |
− | *[[Trapper]]s: These dwarves make [[animal trap]]s, not [[cage]]s, which can only be used to trap [[vermin]], not large [[creature]]s. | + | *[[Trapper]]s: These dwarves make [[animal trap]]s, not [[cage]]s, which can only be used to trap [[vermin]], not large [[creature]]s. They do tend to come with the Marksdwarf or Animal trainer skill, so their true value may lie elsewhere. |
− | *[[ | + | *[[Animal caretaker]]s: Bugged at the moment and may become more useful when the bug is fixed. |
− | *[[ | + | *[[Children]]: Cannot perform any labors whatsoever. At least you'll have a [[Peasant]]. In about 12 years. |
− | *[[ | + | ===Other=== |
+ | *[[Pilgrim]]s, [[Peddler]]s, [[Prophet]]s, [[Poet]]s, [[Monk]]s, [[Criminal]]s, and others: These individuals are [[agent]]s from your home [[civilization]] under a false identity, and are usually benign. Determining their usefulness may require closer inspection of their skills, and killing them will reveal who they truly are. | ||
− | + | *[[Monarch]]s and [[Outpost liaison]]s: Serving as a major endgame goal, inviting these members of dwarven society comes with its own requirements and caveats, requiring a large amount of investment, labor, and time. The player can choose to never pursue this goal if they wish. | |
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{{Category|Dwarves}} | {{Category|Dwarves}} | ||
{{Category|World}} | {{Category|World}} | ||
[[ru:Immigration]] | [[ru:Immigration]] |