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Editing 40d:Smelting

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{{av}}{{Quality|Masterwork}}
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==Smelting Ore Results==
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'''Smelting''' is the act of refining raw stone ore(s) into useful bars of pure metal(s) or alloys.  Smelting is similar but distinct from [[melting]], which reclaims existing metal objects back into (fractional) bars. Metal bars produced at a [[smelter]] are usable in a wide variety of goods, from weapons to goblets to furniture to buildings.
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All ores smelted alone have a % chance of turning into a certain kind of bar.  The following table shows those chances.
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{| class="wikitable"
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Smelting also refines [[bituminous coal]] or [[lignite]] into [[coke]], a [[fuel]] which is equivalent to [[charcoal]]. Fuel is required to operate a smelter, metalsmith's forge, kiln, or glass furnace.
 
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Smelting requires the [[ore]] (or coal) to be processed, a [[smelter]], either [[fuel]] or (for [[magma smelter]]s) [[magma]] at least 4/7 deep, and a dwarf with the [[furnace operator]] [[skill]] enabled. Training in the skill is not required - since bars have no [[quality]] the only difference is the time the [[labor]] takes.
 
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Since smelting coke requires [[fuel]] in a conventional (non-magma) smelter, usually one [[wood]] is burned in a [[wood burner]] to create one charcoal to start the process.  Alternatives are to bring one bar of charcoal or coke with the expedition at embark, [[trade]] for one from [[caravan]]s, or go straight to magma smelters.
 
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==Smelting ore results==
 
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All ores smelted alone have a % chance of producing a certain kind of bar.  The following table shows those chances.
 
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{| class="wikitable" border="1"
 
 
|-
 
|-
 
! [[Ore]]
 
! [[Ore]]
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| [[Hematite]]
 
| [[Hematite]]
 
| 100%
 
| 100%
−
|
 
−
|
 
−
|
 
−
|
 
−
|
 
−
|
 
−
|
 
−
|
 
−
|
 
−
|
 
−
|
 
 
|-
 
|-
 
| [[Limonite]]
 
| [[Limonite]]
 
| 100%
 
| 100%
−
|
 
−
|
 
−
|
 
−
|
 
−
|
 
−
|
 
−
|
 
−
|
 
−
|
 
−
|
 
−
|
 
 
|-
 
|-
 
| [[Magnetite]]
 
| [[Magnetite]]
 
| 100%
 
| 100%
−
|
 
−
|
 
−
|
 
−
|
 
−
|
 
−
|
 
−
|
 
−
|
 
−
|
 
−
|
 
−
|
 
 
|-
 
|-
 
| [[Garnierite]]
 
| [[Garnierite]]
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|
 
|
 
| 100%
 
| 100%
−
|
 
−
|
 
−
|
 
−
|
 
−
|
 
−
|
 
−
|
 
 
|-
 
|-
−
| [[Native platinum]]
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| [[Platinum Nuggets]]
 
|
 
|
 
|
 
|
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|
 
|
 
| 100%
 
| 100%
−
|
 
−
|
 
−
|
 
−
|
 
−
|
 
 
|-
 
|-
−
| [[Native gold]]
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| [[Gold Nuggets]]
 
|
 
|
 
| 100%
 
| 100%
−
|
 
−
|
 
−
|
 
−
|
 
−
|
 
−
|
 
−
|
 
−
|
 
−
|
 
−
|
 
 
|-
 
|-
−
| [[Native silver]]
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| [[Silver Nuggets]]
 
|
 
|
 
|
 
|
 
| 100%
 
| 100%
−
|
 
−
|
 
−
|
 
−
|
 
−
|
 
−
|
 
−
|
 
−
|
 
−
|
 
 
|-
 
|-
−
| [[Horn silver]]
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| [[Horn Silver]]
 
|
 
|
 
|
 
|
 
| 100%
 
| 100%
−
|
 
−
|
 
−
|
 
−
|
 
−
|
 
−
|
 
−
|
 
−
|
 
−
|
 
 
|-
 
|-
 
| [[Galena]]
 
| [[Galena]]
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|
 
|
 
|
 
|
−
| 100%
+
| 50%
−
|
 
−
|
 
 
|-
 
|-
 
| [[Tetrahedrite]]
 
| [[Tetrahedrite]]
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|
 
|
 
| 20%
 
| 20%
−
| 100%
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| 80%
−
|
 
−
|
 
−
|
 
−
|
 
−
|
 
−
|
 
−
|
 
−
|
 
 
|-
 
|-
−
| [[Native copper]]
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| [[Copper Nuggets]]
 
|
 
|
 
|
 
|
 
|
 
|
 
| 100%
 
| 100%
−
|
 
−
|
 
−
|
 
−
|
 
−
|
 
−
|
 
−
|
 
−
|
 
 
|-
 
|-
 
| [[Malachite]]
 
| [[Malachite]]
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|
 
|
 
| 100%
 
| 100%
−
|
 
−
|
 
−
|
 
−
|
 
−
|
 
−
|
 
−
|
 
−
|
 
 
|-
 
|-
 
| [[Sphalerite]]
 
| [[Sphalerite]]
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|
 
|
 
| 100%
 
| 100%
−
|
 
−
|
 
−
|
 
−
|
 
−
|
 
−
|
 
 
|-
 
|-
 
| [[Cassiterite]]
 
| [[Cassiterite]]
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|
 
|
 
| 100%
 
| 100%
−
|
 
−
|
 
−
|
 
−
|
 
 
|-
 
|-
 
| [[Bismuthinite]]
 
| [[Bismuthinite]]
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|
 
|
 
| 100%
 
| 100%
−
|
 
−
|
 
−
|
 
 
|-
 
|-
 
| [[Aluminum]]
 
| [[Aluminum]]
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|
 
|
 
| 100%
 
| 100%
−
|
 
 
|-
 
|-
−
| [[Adamantine#Processing|Adamantine strands]]
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| [[Adamantine Fibers]]
 
|
 
|
 
|
 
|
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| 100%
 
| 100%
 
|}
 
|}
 +
Note that [[Galena]] smelted alone often produces [[lead]] which is only used in producing [[Lay Pewter]], a low quality ore.
  
−
Note that smelting [[galena]] often produces only [[lead]], which is mostly used in producing [[lay pewter]].  Additionally, smelting [[Adamantine]] strands results in wafers, which are needed in greater quantities than bars when creating items.
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==Coke Smelting==
−
 
 
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==Coke smelting==
 
 
Please note that [[wood]] is not actually smelted, it is burned in the wood [[furnace]].  It is not called [[coke]] when burned, it is called [[charcoal]].
 
Please note that [[wood]] is not actually smelted, it is burned in the wood [[furnace]].  It is not called [[coke]] when burned, it is called [[charcoal]].
−
*[[Bituminous coal]] smelts into 3 [[coke]]
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[[Bituminous Coal]] smelts into 3 [[coke]]
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*[[Lignite]] smelts into 2 [[coke]]
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[[Lignite]] smelts into 2 [[coke]]
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*[[Wood]] burns into 1 [[charcoal]]
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[[Wood]] burns into 1 [[charcoal]]
−
 
 
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Since smelting coal requires using one unit of fuel, bituminous coal is effectively twice as efficient at producing coke as lignite.  You'll need twice as many coke smelters to support your metals production if your source of coke is lignite.
 
  
 
==Flux==
 
==Flux==
−
[[Flux]] is a stone that is used in the production of [[pig iron]] and [[steel]].  5 types of [[stone]] are classified as [[flux]]: [[Calcite]], [[chalk]], [[dolomite]], [[limestone]], and [[marble]].  All function the same way, so if a recipe requires [[flux]], any will do.
+
[[Flux]] is that stuff you use to get the impurities out of [[steel]].  There are 5 kinds of [[flux]]: [[Calcite]], [[limestone]], [[dolomite]], [[chalk]], [[marble]].  All function the same way so if you see [[flux]] in a recipe, any will do.
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:''(In real life, flux helps get the impurities out of the raw metal.)''
 
  
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==Alloys==
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==[[Alloys]]==
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Certain metals can be smelted together to create a new metal called an [[alloy]]. There are 2 sets of recipes for alloys.  The first set use only [[ore]] while the second set use only [[bar]]s.  You cannot mix the two.
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There are 2 sets of recipes for [[alloys]].  The first set use only [[ore]] while the second set use only [[bars]].  You cannot mix the two.
  
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===Recipes using ore===
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==Recipes using Ore==
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Please note that when [[copper]] or [[silver]] [[ore]] is needed, any type of ore that produces [[copper]] bars or [[silver]] bars may be used. This means that you can actually make [[billon]] bars out of just [[tetrahedrite]].
+
Please note that when [[copper]] or [[silver]] [[ore]] is needed, any type of ore that produces [[copper bars]] or [[silver bars]] may be used.
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{| class="wikitable" border="1"
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This means that you can actually make [[Billon Bars]] out of just [[Tetrahedrite]].
 +
{| class="wikitable"
 
|-
 
|-
 
! Ingredient 1
 
! Ingredient 1
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! Output
 
! Output
 
|-
 
|-
−
| [[Copper]] [[ore]]
+
| [[Copper ore]]
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| [[Silver]] [[ore]]
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| [[Cassiterite]]
−
| [[Billon]] bars[2]
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| [[Bronze Bars]][2]
 
|-
 
|-
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| [[Copper]] [[ore]]
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| [[Copper ore]]
 
| [[Sphalerite]]
 
| [[Sphalerite]]
−
| [[Brass]] bars[2]
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| [[Brass Bars]][2]
 
|-
 
|-
−
| [[Copper]] [[ore]]
+
| [[Gold Nuggets]]
−
| [[Cassiterite]]
+
| [[Silver Ore]]
−
| [[Bronze]] bars[2]
+
| [[Electrum Bars]][2]
 
|-
 
|-
−
| [[Native gold]]
+
| [[Copper Ore]]
−
| [[Silver]] [[ore]]
 
−
| [[Electrum]] bars[2]
 
−
|-
 
−
| [[Copper]] [[ore]]
 
 
| [[Cassiterite]][3]
 
| [[Cassiterite]][3]
−
| [[Fine pewter]] bars[4]
+
| [[Fine Pewter Bars]][4]
 
|-
 
|-
−
| [[Copper]] [[ore]]
+
| [[Copper Ore]]
 
| [[Cassiterite]][2]
 
| [[Cassiterite]][2]
−
| [[Trifle pewter]] bars[3]
+
| [[Trifle Pewter Bars]][3]
 +
|-
 +
| [[Silver Ore]]
 +
| [[Copper Ore]]
 +
| [[Billon Bars]][2]
 
|}
 
|}
  
−
===Recipes using bars===
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==Recipes using Bars==
 
The following are all the recipes when smelting bars at the smelter.
 
The following are all the recipes when smelting bars at the smelter.
−
 
+
{| class="wikitable"
−
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
 
 
|-
 
|-
 
! Ingredient 1
 
! Ingredient 1
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! Output
 
! Output
 
|-
 
|-
−
| [[Copper]] bars
+
| [[Copper Bars]]
−
| [[Silver]] bars
+
| [[Tin Bars]]
 +
|
 
|
 
|
 +
| [[Bronze Bars]][2]
 +
|-
 +
| [[Copper Bars]]
 +
| [[Zinc Bars]]
 +
|
 
|
 
|
−
| [[Billon]] bars
+
| [[Brass Bars]][2]
 
|-
 
|-
−
| [[Copper]] bars [2]
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| [[Iron Bars]]
−
| [[Tin]] bars
+
| [[Coke]]
−
| [[Bismuth]] bars
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| [[Flux]]
 
|
 
|
−
| [[Bismuth bronze]] bars [4]
+
| [[Pig Iron Bars]]
 
|-
 
|-
−
| [[Copper]] bars [2]
+
| [[Iron Bars]]
−
| [[Silver]] bars
+
| [[Pig Iron Bars]]
−
| [[Gold]] bars
+
| [[Coke]]
−
|
+
| [[Flux]]
−
| [[Black bronze]] bars [4]
+
| [[Steel Bars]][2]
 
|-
 
|-
−
| [[Copper]] bars
+
| [[Gold Bars]]
−
| [[Zinc]] bars
+
| [[Silver Bars]]
−
|
 
 
|
 
|
−
| [[Brass]] bars [2]
 
−
|-
 
−
| [[Copper]] bars
 
−
| [[Tin]] bars
 
−
|
 
 
|
 
|
−
| [[Bronze]] bars [2]
+
| [[Electrum Bars]][2]
 
|-
 
|-
−
| [[Gold]] bars
+
| [[Copper Bars]]
−
| [[Silver]] bars
+
| [[Tin Bars]][3]
 
|
 
|
 
|
 
|
−
| [[Electrum]] bars [2]
+
| [[Fine Pewter Bars]][4]
 
|-
 
|-
−
| [[Copper]] bars
+
| [[Copper Bars]]
−
| [[Tin]] bars [3]
+
| [[Tin Bars]][2]
 
|
 
|
 
|
 
|
−
| [[Fine pewter]] bars [4]
+
| [[Trifle Pewter Bars]][3]
 
|-
 
|-
−
| [[Copper]] bars
+
| [[Copper Bars]]
−
| [[Tin]] bars [2]
+
| [[Tin Bars]][2]
−
| [[Lead]] bars
+
| [[Lead Bars]]
 
|
 
|
−
| [[Lay pewter]] bars [4]
+
| [[Lay Pewter Bars]][4]
 
|-
 
|-
−
| [[Copper]] bar
+
| [[Copper Bars]]
−
| [[Nickel]] bars [2]
+
| [[Nickle Bars]][2]
−
| [[Zinc]] bars
+
| [[Zinc Bars]]
 
|
 
|
−
| [[Nickel silver]] bars [4]
+
| [[Nickle Silver Bars]][4]
 
|-
 
|-
−
| [[Iron]] bars
+
| [[Silver Bars]]
−
| [[Coal fuel]]<sup>1</sup>
+
| [[Copper Bars]]
−
| [[Flux]]
+
|
 
|
 
|
−
| [[Pig iron]] bars
+
| [[Billon Bars]]
 
|-
 
|-
−
| [[Copper]] bars
+
| [[Silver Bars]][3]
−
| [[Gold]] bars [3]
+
| [[Copper Bars]]
 
|
 
|
 
|
 
|
−
| [[Rose gold]] bars [4]
+
| [[Sterling Silver Bars]][4]
 
|-
 
|-
−
| [[Iron]] bar
+
| [[Gold Bars]]
−
| [[Pig iron]] bars
+
| [[Silver Bars]]
−
| [[Coal fuel]]<sup>1</sup>
+
| [[Copper Bars]][2]
−
| [[Flux]]
+
|
−
| [[Steel]] bars [2]
+
| [[Black Bronze Bars]][4]
 
|-
 
|-
−
| [[Copper]] bars [3]
+
| [[Gold Bars]][3]
−
| [[Silver]] bars
+
| [[Copper Bars]]
 
|
 
|
 
|
 
|
−
| [[Sterling silver]] bars [4]
+
| [[Rose Gold Bars]][4]
 
|-
 
|-
−
| [[Copper]] bars
+
| [[Copper Bars]][2]
−
| [[Tin]] bars [2]
+
| [[Tin Bars]]
 +
| [[Bismuth Bars]]
 
|
 
|
−
|
+
| [[Bismuth Bronze Bars]][4]
−
| [[Trifle pewter]] bars [3]
 
 
|}
 
|}
−
:<sup>1: The [[fuel]] used as a reagent for making pig iron and steel bars also counts as the [[fuel]] needed by a conventional (non-magma) [[smelter]].  It is still required at a [[magma smelter]] for the reaction.</sup>
+
Note: Every recipe that is not used in [[steel]] making requires some [[copper]].  If you want to have a variety of [[metals]] in your fortress, you will want to conserve this resource.
−
 
 
−
Note: Every recipe that is not used in [[steel]] making (except [[electrum]]) requires some [[copper]].  If you want to have a variety of [[metal]]s in your fortress, you will want to conserve this resource.
 
−
 
 
−
A spreadsheet listing these recipes can be found at the following link.  Work is being done currently to allow a person to input how much [[ore]] and [[bar]]s he has, and the sheet will tell him how many of what kinds of [[metal]]s he can make.  Both Excel and Open Office formats are included: [http://mkv25.net/showcase/df/Ore%20Smelting%20Chart.zip]
 
−
 
 
−
 
 
−
----
 
−
'''See also'''
 
−
 
 
−
* [[Smelter]]
 
−
* [[Magma smelter]]
 
−
* [[Ore]]
 
−
* [[Metal]]
 
−
 
 
−
[[Category:Guides]]
 

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